Contributed by – Healthians Team
What is the Typhi Dot IgM test?
Typhi Dot IgM test is a laboratory test primarily used to diagnose typhoid fever. Upon coming in contact with Salmonella Typhimurium (S.Typhi) bacteria which is responsible for typhoid infection, our body produces antibodies against them. The test basically looks for these antibodies. Their presence or absence helps a doctor make a diagnosis.
Who should get a Typhi Dot IgM Test?
Your doctor may order this test if you have the following symptoms of typhoid fever:
- Fever
- Skin rashes
- Headache
- Malaise
- Aches
- Restlessness
- Loss of appetite
- Nosebleeds
- Cough
- Stomach troubles
Why is the Typhi Dot IgM test needed?
Typhoid is a contagious infection. If your food or water is contaminated with S.Typhi bacteria, you are at the risk of developing typhoid fever. It may take about 10 – 14 days for the symptoms to appear. Unfortunately, your immune system will not be able to do much about the bacteria because upon entering your body, they live within your cells which the immune system does not attack. Sometimes, those who carry the infection can spread it to others as well irrespective of the fact whether or not they are showing any symptoms.
If not diagnosed and treated on time, typhoid fever may also lead to the following complications:
- Intestinal bleeding
- Inflammation of the heart
- Inflammation of the lining of the heart
- Pneumonia
- Pancreatitis
- Kidney infection
- Infection of the membrane and fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord
- Psychiatric problems
However, the resolution of symptoms or finding relief may not be the end of the infection. Although you may feel good, you still carry the bacteria. Your body will actively shed it for 3 months or in some cases for more than a year which puts others around you at risk. This is why accurate diagnosis and complete treatment is necessary.
What does Typhi Dot IgM test results mean?
Interpreting Typhi Dot IgM test results is easy.
- A positive report suggests that antibodies against the S. Typhi bacteria were present in the blood. This means that you are infected.
- A negative report suggests that no antibodies were found and the cause of your symptoms could be some other illness. Your doctor may order more tests in this case to find the root cause of your symptoms.
How is the Typhi Dot IgM test done?
A small sample of blood is needed for this test. It is usually drawn from a vein in the arm. The process is simple and quick. You may feel a prick at the sight where the needle would be inserted. Although fasting or any other kind of special preparation is not needed, make sure that your doctor knows about any other medical condition that you might have or about the medications you take. Since these things can influence test results, your doctor will guide you accordingly.
